Public Health Finance: A new French study by Drees says the overall deficit of public hospitals is set to reach 2.1% of revenue in 2025 (about €2.3 billion), up from 2.7% in 2024 (around €2.9 billion). Hospital Costs & Staffing: Operating costs kept rising in 2025, with interest payments on loans still weighing on budgets, while staff wage cost growth slowed to +3.0% (about €1.9 billion) after +4.1% in 2024. Ségur Reform Impact: Despite Ségur healthcare reform investment grants, public hospital investment fell to 4.8% of revenue in 2025 (€5.4 billion), down from 5.1% in 2024 (€5.5 billion), as the government pledged €19 billion over ten years for new investment and debt reduction.